MONKEY POX -What we know

Monkeypox is a viral infection, so-called because it was first discovered in monkeys. It is transmissible from animals to humans and is endemic in parts of Central and West Africa. Over the last few weeks cases of monkeypox have been recorded in several countries beyond the African continent as such there is growing concern about its spread.

Mode of transmission

Monkeypox virus is transmitted from one person to another by close contact with lesions, body fluids, respiratory droplets, and contaminated materials such as bedding. It can also be transmitted through contact with sick animals.

Clinical Picture

 The symptoms of monkeypox are similar to smallpox and include:

• Fever
• Headache
• Muscle aches
• Backache
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Chills
• Exhaustion
• Generalized rash which starts 1-3 days after symptom onset

The illness lasts anywhere between 2-4 weeks and is more often mild than not, like most viral infections, it will run its course. An antiviral, Tecovirimat previously developed for smallpox is in use in some parts of Europe.  Generally, supportive treatment with fluids and antipyretics/analgesics are recommended to manage accompanying fever, aches and pains.

Prevention

• Avoid contact with sick animals.
• Avoid contact with any materials that have been in contact with a sick animal.

• Isolate infected patients from others who could be at risk for infection.
• Practice good hand hygiene.
• Use personal protective equipment (PPE) when caring for patients.

For more information, visit

https://www.who.int/emergencies/disease-outbreak-news/item/2022-DON390